Observation of the application effect of low-volume polyethylene glycol electrolyte lavage solution (PEG-ELS) combined with ascorbic acid tablets in bowel preparation for colonoscopy in hospitalized patients.

Background: This study explored the effectiveness and safety of low-volume polyethylene glycol electrolyte lavage solution (PEG-ELS) combined with ascorbic acid tablets (PEG-ELS/Asc) in bowel preparation for a colonoscopy. Methods: A total of 240 hospitalized patients who underwent a colonoscopy in Wenzhou People's Hospital, Wenzhou Third Clinical College of Wenzhou Medical University from July 2020 to June 2022 were randomly divided into two groups, with 120 patients each. All of the participants were given a low-residue or residue-free diet one day before the examination and fasted after dinner (completed before 18:00) the day before the examination. The 2-L PEG-ELS/Asc group took 2-L PEG-ELS plus 10 g ascorbic acid tablets once orally, while the 3-L PEG-ELS group took 3-L PEG orally on several occasions. The primary endpoint was the achievement of preparation adequacy and an overall colon cleansing score of ≥6, both assessed by blinded investigators using the Boston Bowel Preparation Scale (BBPS). The bowel cleansing effect, polyp detection rate, adverse reaction rate, oral drug tolerance rate, renal function, and electrolyte level changes were also compared between the two patient groups. Results: There were no significant differences in the success rate of bowel preparation, the detection rate of polyps, or the adverse reaction rate between the two groups (P > 0.05). The tolerance rate of bowel preparation in the 2-L PEG-ELS/Asc group was significantly higher than that in the 3-L PEG-ELS group (93.3% vs. 80.23%) (P < 0.05). The levels of creatinine, serum potassium, serum sodium, and serum chlorine of the two groups before and after bowel preparation were within the normal range. In addition, the intestinal cleaning effect of the two preparation schemes for the hospitalized patients with diabetes and constipation is worse than that of those without these conditions (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The effectiveness and safety of using 2-L PEG-ELS/Asc in bowel preparation for a colonoscopy in hospitalized patients were not inferior to using 3-L PEG-ELS. For patients with diabetes and constipation, the cleansing effect of the two bowel preparation options was not very satisfactory, and further clinical research is needed in this regard.

[In-situ Remediation Effect of Cadmium-polluted Agriculture Land Using Different Amendments Under Rice-wheat Rotation].

Exploring the effects of one-time amendment treatments on cadmium (Cd)-contaminated farmland soils is beneficial for providing a theoretical basis to effectively prevent Cd pollution in farmland soils and ensure the safe production of crops. Five amendments, including straw biochar, fly ash, sepiolite, white marble powder, and shale (particle size <0.2 mm, application rate 2.25 kg·m-2), were applied to the Cd-contaminated farmland soils. The soil nutrients, pH, soil available Cd, and Cd chemical forms in the soils and grain Cd concentration in the planted crops were determined to investigate the effects and persistence of one-time applications of the five amendments. The results showed that:① the application of the five amendments had little effect on soil nutrient content, but all of them could increase soil pH. Amendment treatments improved the transfer of Cd from the acid extraction fraction to residue fraction and further reduced the Cd availability in the soil. The decreasing amplitudes of straw biochar and white marble powder soil conditioner were 20.42%-22.53%, which was higher than those in the other treatments. ② The grain Cd concentrations in rice and wheat were significantly decreased under the amendment treatments with the decreasing amplitudes of 19.88%-48.77% and 5.06%-24.00%, respectively. The Cd concentrations in rice grains under the treatments of straw biochar, fly ash, and white marble powder soil conditioner were 0.195, 0.196, and 0.223 mg·kg-1, respectively, which were lower than those under the other treatments and were close to or approached the National Standard of Food Safety(GB 2762-2017)(0.2 mg·kg-1). ③ The immobilization effects on Cd in farmland soils were decreasing with time under one-time application of the amendments. The available Cd concentrations in the soil and Cd concentrations in crop grains were still lower than those in the control after three rounds of rice-wheat rotation. The straw biochar and white marble powder soil conditioner had a good and long-term effect on reducing Cd availability in soils and Cd concentrations in crop grain, making them ideal materials for safe production in Cd-contaminated soils.

Efficacy and prognostic analysis of orthopedic surgery in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma / 中华内科杂志

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and prognosis of orthopedic surgical resection surgery in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM). Methods: This retrospective cohort study collected clinical data of patients with NDMM who underwent surgery due to spinal cord compression or pathological long-bone fractures at the Peking Union Medical College Hospital from 1 January 2003 to 31 December 2021. Patients who received biopsy or vertebroplasty/kyphoplasty were excluded and patients with the same degree of bone disease and who did not undergo any surgical intervention were selected as controls. Visual analogue scale (VAS) and physical status (ECOG) scores, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) were compared. Statistical analysis included the χ2-test, t-test, and Kaplan-Meier methods. Results: Baseline data were compared between the surgical group (n=40 with 43 interventions) and the non-surgical group (n=80), and included sex, age, paraprotein type, International Staging System (ISS), number of lytic lesions, cytogenetic abnormalities, first-line treatment, and the proportion of patients receiving autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) (all P>0.05). Serum M protein levels in the surgical group were significantly lower than those of the non-surgical group [(21.95±16.44) g/L vs. (36.18±20.85) g/L, P=0.005]. The surgical lesions involved the axial skeleton (79.1%, 34/43) or the extremities (20.9%, 9/43). VAS and ECOG scores improved significantly after surgery (VAS: 2.30±0.80 vs. 6.60±1.50, P<0.001; ECOG: 2.09±0.59 vs. 3.09±0.73, P<0.001). The median follow-up time was 51 months. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis suggested that the median PFS (25 vs. 29 months) and OS (46 vs. 60 months) were comparable between the surgical and non-surgical intervention groups (both P>0.05). Subgroup analysis showed that among patients with ISS Ⅰ or those who had received ASCT, PFS in the surgical group was similar to that of the non-surgical intervention group (both P>0.05), while OS was worse (P=0.005, 0.017). Patients with ISS Ⅱ/Ⅲ scores or without ASCT had similar PFS and OS between the surgical and non-surgical intervention groups (all P>0.05). Cox multivariate analysis suggested that ISS and ASCT were independent prognostic factors for OS (ISS: HR=0.42, 95%CI 0.19-0.93, P=0.031; ASCT: HR=0.41, 95%CI 0.18-0.97, P=0.041), while orthopedic surgery did not influence survival (P=0.233). Conclusion: For patients with NDMM, orthopedic surgical resection decreased bone-related complications and improved quality of life, but did not affect survival.

Association Between Constipation and a Reduction in Lower Limb Muscle Strength in Preoperative Patients with Thoracic Spinal Tumors / 中国医学科学杂志(英文版)

Objective To investigate the clinical symptoms experienced by patients with thoracic spinal tumors and verify the associated symptoms that are predictive of a decline in muscle strength in the lower limbs. Methods A single-center, retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on in-patients diagnosed with epidural thoracic spinal tumors between January 2011 and May 2021. The study involved a review of electronic medical records and radiographs and the collection of clinical data. The differences in clinical manifestations between patients with constipation and those without constipation were analyzed. Binary logistic regression analyses were performed to identify risk factors associated with a decline in muscle strength in the lower limbs.Results A total of 227 patients were enrolled, including 131 patients with constipation and 96 without constipation. The constipation group had a significantly higher proportion of patients who experienced difficulty walking or paralysis compared to those without constipation prior to surgery (83.2% vs. 17.7%, χ2 = 99.035,P < 0.001). Constipation (OR = 9.522, 95%CI: 4.150-21.849, P < 0.001) and urinary retention (OR = 14.490, 95%CI: 4.543-46.213, P < 0.001) were independent risk factors for muscle strength decline in the lower limbs. Conclusions The study observed that patients with thoracic spinal tumors who experienced constipation symptoms had a higher incidence of lower limb weakness. Moreover, the analysis revealed that constipation and urinary retention were independent risk factors associated with a preoperative decline in muscle strength of lower limbs.

Effects of prenatal nicotine exposure on enamel formation of offspring mice / 中华口腔医学杂志

Objective: To investigate the effects of nicotine on the morphology, structure of offspring's dental germ, enamel organ and other dental tissues and the further potential epigenetic mechanisms by establishing prenatal nicotine exposure mouse model. Methods: Ten C57BL/6 pregnant mice were randomly divided into control group (physiological saline subcutaneous injection) and prenatal nicotine exposure (PNE) group (nicotine subcutaneous injection) by using a random number table. Postnatal day 0 (P0), postnatal day 14 (P14) and postnatal day 25 (P25) offspring mice were collected for subsequent experiments. The offspring mice were divided into offspring control group and offspring PNE group according to the maternal group respectively. Weights of P0 and P25 offspring mice were recorded. Micro-CT, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Vickers hardness test were performed to analyze the related parameters of hard tissues including alveolar bones and mandibular incisors. Total RNAs were extracted from mandible tissues and the third generation of dental epithelial stem cells (DESC) in P25 mice. The relative expression levels of osteogenic and ameloblastic differentiation related genes were measured by real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). Immunohistochemical stainings of paraffin sections were then performed to observe the distribution and expression level of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (Pcna), amelogenin (Amelx), histone H3 trimethylated at lysine 27 (H3K27me3) and enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (Ezh2). Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assays were used to detect the cell viabilities of DESCs after administrations of different concentrations of nicotine (0.01, 0.1, 1 mmol/L) and GSK126 (an inhibitor of histone methyltransferase Ezh2). Results: Compared with the control group, pregnant mice in PNE group were more likely to have adverse pregnancy outcomes, such as significantly lower offspring body weight [P0: offspring control (1.20±0.04) g, offspring PNE (0.99±0.02) g, P<0.001; P25: offspring control (15.26±1.70) g, offspring PNE (9.65±1.32) g, P<0.001] and increased stillbirths rate [offspring control (0), offspring PNE (46.40±9.30) %, P<0.001]. At P14 and P25, the distance parameters between the enamel mineralized deposits of mandibular incisors and the mesial surface of the first molar in offspring PNE group [P14: (-1 349±45) μm; P25: (-1 192±147) μm] was significantly decreased compared with the control group [P14: (-506±380) μm, P25: (504±198) μm] (P<0.05, P<0.001). The enamel column and enamel column stroma of incisors in offspring PNE group were blurred, arranged loosely and disorderly than those in the control group, while the microhardness of incisor enamel in offspring PNE group [(245.7±18.4) MPa] was significantly lower compared to the control group [(371.9±28.7) MPa] (P<0.001). HE staining showed disordered pre-ameloblast (Pre-Am) arrangement and delayed mineralization deposition point in offspring PNE group compared with the control group, while the length of transit-amplifying cell (TA) and Pre-Am region were prolonged as well. Immunohistochemical staining results displayed that the overall Pcna (P<0.05), H3K27me3 (P<0.01), Ezh2 (P<0.01) expression of labial cervical loop (LaCL) in PNE group were increased, while the positive signal of Amelx in ameloblast cytoplasm was impaired. In vitro, the addition of 1 mmol/L nicotine could significantly upregulate the expression level of Pcna (P<0.01) and downregulate the expression levels of B lymphoma Mo-MLV insertion region 1 (P<0.05), leucine rich repeats and immunoglobulin like domains 1 (P<0.05), Amelx (P<0.01). In addition, 1 mmol/L nicotine could also significantly enhance the proliferation activity of DESCs (P<0.001). Addition of 10 μmol/L GSK126, could rescue the proliferation activation effect of 1 mmol/L nicotine on DESCs. Conclusions: PNE may delay the process of enamel formation and lineage differentiation, leading to the abnormal proliferation of DESCs and changes of epigenetic modification state in H3K27me3, which affect the development of enamel in offspring mice,suggesting PNE might be one of risk environmental factor for tooth development.

Expression of CD24 gene in human malignant pleural mesothelioma and its relationship with prognosis / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

Objective: To investigate the expression of CD24 gene in human malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) cells and tissues, and evaluate its relationship with clinicopathological characteristics and clinical prognosis of MPM patients. Methods: In February 2021, UALCAN database was used to analyze the correlation between CD24 gene expression and clinicopathological characteristics in 87 cases of MPM patients. The TIMER 2.0 platform was used to explore the relationship between the expression of CD24 in MPM and tumor immune infiltrating cells. cBioportal online tool was used to analyze the correlation between CD24 and MPM tumor marker gene expression. RT-qPCR was used to analyze the expressions of CD24 gene in human normal pleural mesothelial cell lines LP9 and MPM cell lines NCI-H28 (epithelial type), NCI-H2052 (sarcoma type), and NCI-H2452 (biphasic mixed type). RT-qPCR was performed to detect the expressions of CD24 gene in 18 cases of MPM tissues and matched normal pleural tissues. The expression difference of CD24 protein in normal mesothelial tissue and MPM tissue was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. A Kaplan-Meier model was constructed to explore the influence of CD24 gene expression on the prognosis of MPM patients, and Cox regression analysis of prognostic factors in MPM patients was performed. Results: The CD24 gene expression without TP53 mutation MPM patients was significantly higher than that of patients in TP53 mutation (P<0.05). The expression of CD24 gene in MPM was positively correlated with B cells (r(s)=0.37, P<0.001). The expression of CD24 gene had a positive correlation with the expressions of thrombospondin 2 (THBS2) (r(s)=0.26, P<0.05), and had a negative correlation with the expression of epidermal growth factor containing fibulin like extracellular matrix protein 1 (EFEMP1), mesothelin (MSLN) and calbindin 2 (CALB2) (r(s)=-0.31, -0.52, -0.43, P<0.05). RT-qPCR showed that the expression level of CD24 gene in MPM cells (NCI-H28, NCI-H2052 and NCI-H2452) was significantly higher than that in normal pleural mesothelial LP9 cells. The expression level of CD24 gene in MPM tissues was significantly higher than that in matched normal pleural tissues (P<0.05). Immunohistochemistry showed that the expressions of CD24 protein in epithelial and sarcoma MPM tissues were higher than those of matched normal pleural tissues. Compared with low expression of CD24 gene, MPM patients with high expression of CD24 gene had lower overall survival (HR=2.100, 95%CI: 1.336-3.424, P<0.05) and disease-free survival (HR=1.800, 95%CI: 1.026-2.625, P<0.05). Cox multivariate analysis showed that compared with the biphasic mixed type, the epithelial type was a protective factor for the prognosis of MPM patients (HR=0.321, 95%CI: 0.172-0.623, P<0.001). Compared with low expression of CD24 gene, high expression of CD24 gene was an independent risk factor for the prognosis of MPM patients (HR=2.412, 95%CI: 1.291-4.492, P=0.006) . Conclusion: CD24 gene and protein are highly expressed in MPM tissues, and the high expression of CD24 gene suggests poor prognosis in MPM patients.

Diquafossol sodium combined with Qingrun Yangmu oral liquid for the treatment of dry eye after cataract operation / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To investigate the clinical efficacy of diquafosol sodium(DQS)eye drops combined with Qingrun Yangmu oral liquid in the treatment of dry eye after phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation.METHODS:A total of 57 patients(65 eyes)with dry eye after cataract surgery, who were admitted to the ophthalmology department of our hospital from September 2020 to January 2021, were selected as the research objects. They were divided into a control group(28 cases, 32 eyes, treated with 3% DQS eye drops)and an observation group(29 cases, 33 eyes, treated with 3% DQS eye drops combined with the Qingrun Yangmu oral liquid)based on a random number table method. Indicators, such as ocular surface disease index(OSDI), non-invasive tear film break-up time(NIBUT), Schirmer I test(SIt), corneal fluorescein sodium staining(CFS), and TCM symptom score, were compared and analyzed between the two groups 1d before, 1wk after(before treatment), and 1mo after(after treatment)surgery.RESULTS:The total effective rates of the observation group and the control group after treatment were 88% and 75%, respectively. The OSDI, NIBUT and SIt of the two groups after treatment showed significant improvement compared to those before treatment(P&#x003C;0.05). The NIBUT, SIt, CFS, and TCM symptom scores of the observation group after treatment were better than those of the control group(P&#x003C;0.05). No adverse reactions were observed in both groups.CONCLUSION:Combined use of DQS eye drops and the Qingrun Yangmu oral liquid can improve symptoms and clinical indicators of dry eye after cataract surgery, providing a new treatment method for ocular surface management of dry eye during the perioperative period of cataract surgery.

Application of aptamers in the detection of key inflammatory cytokines / 中华检验医学杂志

Pro-inflammatory cytokines selectively induce specific signals to regulate host responses. Since the immunological imbalance caused by abnormal release of cytokines is involved in the development of many diseases, cytokine-specific detections are of great clinical significance for disease diagnosis and efficacy monitoring. Aptamers are single-stranded nucleic acid sequences which can bind to the target with high selectivity and affinity. It has attracted much attention in the development of novel aptamers-based methods for the detection of specific biomarkers of inflammatory diseases. This paper reviewed recent advances in electrochemical and optical aptasensors for the detection of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, transforming growth factor-β, interferon-γ and interleukin-8. The findings offered valuable insights into the clinical application potential and challenges of nucleic acid aptamers in the detection of key inflammatory cytokines, providing a meaningful reference for the development of aptamer-based cytokines sensitive detection point-of-care testing equipment and novel diagnostic strategies for inflammatory disorders.

[Effect of Netrin-1 on VEGFA Expression in T-ALL Cells and Its Related Mechanism].

AbstractObjective: To investigate the effect of the axon guidance factor Netrin-1 on the expression of VEGFA in T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia(T-ALL) and its related mechanism. METHODS: ELISA assays were applied to detect the levels of Netrin-1 and VEGFA in the bone marrow (BM) samples from children in the T-ALL and control group. The level of Netrin-1 and VEGFA were compared between control children and patients, and the liner correlation between Netrin-1 and VEGFA was analyzed. The T-ALL cells Jurkat and Molt-4 were culture in vitro, and the cells were treated with different concentration of Netrin-1 (0, 25, 50, 100 ng/ml) for 24 h, quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blot were used to detect the VEGFA expression in Jurkat, Molt-4 cells. The expression of Netrin-1 receptors in T-ALL cells was detected by qRT-PCR and the interaction between Netrin-1 and receptor in each cells was detected by co-IP. Furthermore, Western blot was used to detect the phosphorylation level of key prateins of AKT signal transduction pathway including Akt and mTOR in T-ALL cells treated with Netrin-1 (100 ng/ml). The expression of VEGFA and phosphorylation of AKT pathway transducers were detected by Western blot, after T-ALL cells treated with Netrin-1 (100 ng/ml) combined with inhibitors specific to Akt or mTOR. RESULTS: The expression level of Netrin-1 and VEGFA in T-ALL patients BM samples were both signi-ficantly higher than that of control group. And the expression level of Netrin-1 was positively correlated with that of VEGFA（r2=0974). With the increase of Netrin-1 concentration, the expression level of VEGFA also increased(P<0.05）. Netrin-1 interacted with its receptor, integrin-ß4 at the Netrin-1 concentration of 100 ng/ml. Further, the treatment of Netrin-1 could increase the phosphorylation of Akt and mTOR, which were the key transducers of AKT pathway. After treatment of T-ALL cells with Netrin-1 (100 ng/mL) and Akt inhibitor, the expression of VEGFA and phosphorylation of Akt or mTOR decreased. When the cells were treated with Netrin-1(100 ng/ml) and mTOR inbititor, the phosphorylation level of mTOR and the expression of VEGFA decreased, the phosphorylation level of Akt increased. CONCLUSION: The expression of Netrin-1 and VEGFA in bone marrow of childred with T-ALL were abnormal, and there was a linear relationship between them. Netrin-1 can interact with its receptor, integrin-ß4 and activate AKT transduction pathway to elevate the expression of VEGFA in T-ALL cells.

Lower Airway Nitrogen Oxide Levels in Children with Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Is Linked to Neutrophilic Inflammation.

Treatment of primary ciliary dyskinesia pulmonary exacerbations resulted in an increase in sputum nitric oxide (NO) metabolites and decrease in neutrophilic inflammation. The association between the 2 suggests that neutrophilic inflammation contributes to airway NO deficiency in primary ciliary dyskinesia and that reducing inflammation may lead to improved airway NO homeostasis. TRIAL REGISTRY: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01155115.

A variant of H19 transcript regulates EMT and oral cancer progression.

Oral cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors of the head and neck, and it continues to represent a serious public health problem. Recent reports show the involvement of H19 long noncoding RNA (LncRNA) in oncogenesis but its mechanism associated with oral cancer remains unclear. Here, we identify an H19 transcript variant that lacks exon 4 in oral cancer specimens and carcinoma-derived cells. Depletion of H19 by short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) targeting exon 1 but not exon 4 significantly inhibited oral cancer iCell-h120 cells growth and invasion in vitro and tumorigenesis of these cells in vivo. Through binding the ZEB1 mRNA, the variant H19 transcript without exon 4 promotes the expression of ZEB1 protein during epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Thus, these data reveal the role of a splicing events of H19LncRNA in oral tumorigenesis, and indicate that the splicing event of H19 can be served as potential therapeutic targets for oral cancer.

Association between metabolically healthy obesity and incident risk of stroke in adult aged over 40 from rural Henan province / 中华预防医学杂志

Objective: To investigate the association between metabolically healthy obesity and the incident risk of stroke in people aged ≥40 years from rural areas of Henan Province. Methods: During 2007 to 2008, 20 194 residents aged ≥18 years were selected for baseline examination by random cluster sampling and 17 265 participants were followed up during 2013 to 2014. According to the aim of current study, a total of 11 864 eligible subjects were included in this post-hoc analysis. Depending on body mass index and metabolic status, subjects were divided into four groups: metabolically healthy normal weight, metabolically healthy obesity, metabolically abnormal normal weight and metabolically abnormal obesity. Multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the relationship between metabolically healthy obesity and the risk of stroke. Results: The median (Q1, Q3) age of study participants was 54(46, 61) years, and 4 526 participants were men. During the mean follow-up of 6 years, the cumulative incidence of stroke was 7.16%. The incidence of stroke in metabolically healthy normal weight, metabolically healthy obesity, metabolically abnormal normal weight, and metabolically abnormal obesity were 3.73%, 4.61%, 8.99% and 9.38%, respectively (χ²=117.458, P<0.001). After adjusting possible confounding factors, compared with metabolically healthy normal weight, the risk of stroke was significantly increased in the metabolically healthy obesity group, metabolically abnormal normal weight group and metabolically abnormal obesity group with the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of 1.52(1.10-2.12), 2.11(1.61-2.77) and 2.78(2.18-3.55), respectively. Stratified analysis showed that the risk of stroke was significantly higher in metabolically healthy obesity people aged 40-59 years compared with metabolically healthy normal weight group (OR=2.12, 95%CI: 1.36-3.30). Conclusion: Metabolically healthy obesity, metabolically abnormal normal weight and metabolically abnormal obesity are positively associated with the risk of stroke.

A new polycyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinols from Hypericum lagarocladum N. Robson / 药学学报

Silica gel column chromatography, reversed phase C18 column chromatography, Sephadex LH-20 gel column chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography and medium performance semi preparative liquid chromatography were performed to separate and purify the chemical constituents of Hypericum lagarocladum N. Robson. Spectroscopic methods such as MS and NMR combined with physicochemical properties were applied in identifying the structures of the isolated compounds. A total of 11 compounds were isolated and identified as hyperlagarone A (1), hyperpatulone E (2), hyperbeanol G (3), uralione D (4), tomoeone F (5), pyramidatone A (6), tomoeone A (7), tomoeone B (8), hyperbeanol C (9), hyperbeanol A (10), and hypercohone G (11), respectively. Compound 1 is a new polycyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinol derivative, and compounds 2-11 are isolated from this plant for the first time. 11 compounds were tested for glucose uptake in L6 cells, and the results showed that compounds 7 and 8 had significant effect on glucose uptake.

Candida Infection-caused Lumbar Vertebral Osteomyelitis:Report of One Case / 中国医学科学院学报

Candida vertebral osteomyelitis,a rare but challenging clinical disease without specific clinical manifestations,is prone to delay in diagnosis,with potential risks of serious complications.Therefore,early diagnosis is the key to improving the cure rate of this disease.A case of invasive candida lumbar osteomyelitis after gastrointestinal surgery is reported in this paper.We analyzed the clinical characteristics of the patient and reviewed the relevant literature,aiming to improve the early diagnosis and treatment of this disease.

Clinical study on tube moxibustion plus point-toward-point needling method in treating refractory facial paralysis / 针灸推拿医学（英文版）

Objective: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of tube moxibustion plus point-toward-point needling method for refractory facial paralysis. Methods: A total of 100 patients with refractory facial paralysis who met the inclusion criteria were randomized into an observation group and a control group, with 50 cases in each group. Both groups were treated with acupuncture by point-toward-point needling method, mainly in the affected eye, cheek and mouth areas. The observation group was given additional tube moxibustion after receiving the point-toward-point needling method, which inserted a tube moxibustion device into the external acoustic meatus 1 cm on the affected side for 20 min. Both groups were treated once a day, 6 times a week, for 4 consecutive weeks. The House-Brackmann scale was scored before and after treatment, and the facial nerve electromyogram data were collected. Results: The total effective rate of the observation group was 93.6％, which was higher than 64.6％ of the control group, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05). The proportion of new-onset facial paralysis complications (facial synkinesis, facial spasm, facial paralysis perversion, and crocodile tears) in the observation group was 6.4％, which was lower than 35.4％ in the control group. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05). In the observation group, the numbers of cases after treatment with the ratio of action potential amplitude between the affected side and the healthy side increased by 10％-30％ and over 30％ were more than those in the control group. And the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: Tube moxibustion plus point-toward-point needling method has a better effect in improving symptoms of refractory facial paralysis, decreasing the incidence of sequelae, and increasing clinical efficacy than the point-toward- point needling method alone.

Establishment of a platelet production model by bone marrow cavity transplantation of mouse primary megakaryocytes / 中华血液学杂志

Objective: To establish an intramedullary transplantation model of primary megakaryocytes to evaluate the platelet-producing capacity of megakaryocytes and explore the underlying regulatory mechanisms. Methods: Donor megakaryocytes from GFP-transgenic mice bone marrow were enriched by magnetic beads. The platelet-producing model was established by intramedullary injection to recipient mice that underwent half-lethal dose irradiation 1 week in advance. Donor-derived megakaryocytes and platelets were detected by immunofluorescence staining and flow cytometry. Results: The proportion of megakaryocytes in the enriched sample for transplantation was 40 to 50 times higher than that in conventional bone marrow. After intramedullary transplantation, donor-derived megakaryocytes successfully implanted in the medullary cavity of the recipient and produce platelets, which showed similar expression of surface markers and morphology to recipient-derived platelets. Conclusion: We successfully established an in vivo platelet-producing model of primary megakaryocytes using magnetic-bead enrichment and intramedullary injection, which objectively reflects the platelet-producing capacity of megakaryocytes in the bone marrow.

Prognostic significance of measurable residual disease based on multiparameter flow cytometry in childhood acute myeloid leukemia. / åŸºäºŽæµå¼ç»†èƒžæœ¯çš„å¯æµ‹é‡æ®‹ç•™ç— å¯¹å„¿ç«¥æ€¥æ€§é«“ç³»ç™½è¡€ç— é¢„åŽæ„ä¹‰çš„å‰çž»æ€§ç ”ç©¶.

OBJECTIVES: To study the prognostic value of measurable residual disease (MRD) for childhood acute myeloid leukemia (AML) by analyzing MRD-guided risk stratification therapy. METHODS: A total of 93 children with AML were prospectively enrolled in this study. Chemotherapy with the 2015-AML-03 regimen was completed according to the risk stratification determined by genetic abnormality at initial diagnosis and MRD and bone marrow cytology after induction therapy I. Multiparameter flow cytometry was used to dynamically monitor MRD and analyze the prognostic effect of MRD on 3-year cumulative incidence of recurrence (CIR) rate, event-free survival (EFS) rate, and overall survival (OS) rate. RESULTS: The 93 children with AML had a 3-year CIR rate of 48%±6%, a median time to recurrence of 11 months (range 2-32 months), a 3-year OS rate of 65%±6%, and a 3-year EFS rate of 50%±5%. After induction therapy I and intensive therapy I, the MRD-positive children had a significantly higher 3-year CIR rate and significantly lower 3-year EFS and OS rates than the MRD-negative children (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in 3-year CIR, EFS, and OS rates between the MRD-positive children with a low risk at initial diagnosis and the MRD-negative children after adjustment of chemotherapy intensity (P>0.05). The multivariate analysis showed that positive MRD after intensive treatment I was a risk factor for 3-year OS rate in children with AML (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: MRD has predictive value for the prognosis of children with AML. Based on the MRD-guided risk stratification therapy, reasonable application of chemotherapy may improve the overall prognosis of children with AML.

[Bioinformatics Analysis and Verification of Acute B-Lymphocytic Leukemia in Children with Isolated Bone Marrow Relapse].

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the hub genes affecting the solely bone marrow relapse of childish acute B-cell lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). METHODS: The high-throughput RNA sequencing data were downloaded from TCGA database, the differentially expressed genes were screened by DESeq2 package of R, and the differentially expressed genes were grouped by GO function enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis. Further, the data of STRING database and Cytoscape software were used to construct protein interaction network, screen hub genes and highly interaction protein sub network, perform GO and KEGG analysis of the hub genes and protein sub network respectively. JASPAR database was used to screen the upstream transcription factor of the hub gene promoter. Survival analysis based on the expression of hub genes was performed with clinical information attached to TCGA database. The bone marrow samples and clinical data of the patients were collected, the analysis results of hub genes were verified through clinical samples. RESULTS: 847 differentially expressed genes were collected, including 813 up-regulated genes, 34 down-regulated genes, 11 hub genes were screened out. The results of survival analysis showed that RPS5、RPS15、RPL23、RPL35、RPS8、RPS27A、RPS3、RPL9、RPS21、RPS7 and RPL38 showed significant effect on the survival of the children, and ZNF460 might be involved in their regulation. The high expressions of RPS3, RPS15, RPS8, RPS27A, and RPS21 had been verified in clinical samples of solely bone marrow relapsed patients. CONCLUSION: RPS3, RPS15, RPS8, RPS27A, RPS21 can be used as biomarkers to indicate the malignant event of solely bone marrow relapse, which may be regulated by ZNF460.

[Clinical features and prognosis of pediatric acute megakaryocytic leukemia].

OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical features and prognosis of children with acute megakaryocytic leukemia (AMKL) and the clinical effect of acute myeloid leukemia 03 (AML03) regimen for the treatment of pediatric AMKL. METHODS: The clinical data were collected from 47 children with AMKL who were diagnosed from May 2011 to December 2019. The treatment outcomes and prognostic factors were analyzed. The Kaplan-Meier method and the log-rank test were used for survival analysis. RESULTS: Among the 47 children with AMKL, 22 with non-Down syndrome-AMKL were treated by the AML03 regimen, with a median follow-up time of 11.4 months. For the 22 non-Down syndrome-AMKL patients, the remission rate of bone marrow cytology was 85% and the negative rate of minimal residual disease (MRD) was 79% after induction Ⅱ, with a 2-year overall survival (OS) rate of (50±13)% and a 2-year event-free survival (EFS) rate of (40±12)%. The group with positive immunophenotypic marker CD56 had significantly lower 2-year EFS and OS rates than the group with negative CD56 (P < 0.05). The group without remission of bone marrow cytology after induction Ⅱ had significantly lower 2-year EFS and OS rates than the group with remission (P < 0.05). The group with positive MRD after induction Ⅱ had a significantly lower 2-year EFS rate than the group with negative MRD (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in 2-year OS and EFS rates between the patients with transplantation and those without transplantation (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Children with AMKL tend to have a low remission rate and a poor prognosis. Positive immunophenotypic marker CD56, bone marrow cytology during early treatment response, and MRD results are important factors influencing the prognosis. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation has no significant effect on the prognosis of AMKL.

Multi-Omic Profiling of Plasma Identify Biomarkers and Pathogenesis of COVID-19 in Children

Although children usually develop less severe disease responding to COVID-19 than adults, little is known about the pathogenesis of COVID-19 in children. Herein, we conducted the plasma proteomic and metabolomic profiling of a cohort of COVID-19 pediatric patients with mild symptoms. Our data show that numerous proteins and metabolites involved in immune as well as anti-inflammatory processes were up-regulated on a larger scale in children than in adults. By developing a machine learning-based pipeline, we prioritized two sets of biomarker combinations, and identified 5 proteins and 5 metabolites as potential children-specific COVID-19 biomarkers. Further study showed that these identified metabolites not only inhibited the expression of pro-inflammatory factors, but also suppressed coronaviral replication, implying that these factors played key roles in protecting pediatric patients from both viral infection and infection-induced inflammation. Together, our study uncovered a protective mechanism responding to COVID-19 in children, and sheds light on potential therapies. TeaserAnti-inflammatory metabolites were highly elevated in the plasma of COVID-19 pediatric patients with mild symptoms.